BayBiosciences.com provides Osteoid Osteoma bone tumor tissue samples FFPE Blocks with matching serum, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid specimens from unique Pediatric patients.
An osteoid osteoma is a benign (noncancerous) bone tumor that usually develops in the long bones of the body, such as the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone). This tumor is most frequently found in the legs but may occur also at other bones in nearly any part of the body. The center of an osteoid osteoma is the nidus. It consists of growing tumor cells, blood vessels, and cells that eventually form bone. A bony shell surrounds the nidus.
Although osteoid osteomas can cause pain and discomfort, they do not spread throughout the body. Osteoid osteomas can affect people of all ages, but they occur more frequently in children and young adults, it is very rare in older adults over the age of 50.
An osteoid osteoma is a benign (non-cancerous), small tumor that usually grows in the long bones of a person’s lower extremities. The thighbone is the most common location, although it can occur in the bones of the hand, and it sometimes occurs in the lower part of the spine. It usually emerges sometime during the teenage years or early adulthood. The condition seems to occur more often in boys than girls.
- The tumor may cause pain, but it doesn’t spread.
- In young children, it may deform the bone or stimulate the bone to grow larger or longer.
- It usually appears in teenagers and young adults.
- Its cause is unknown.
- The most common treatment uses radio frequencies to heat and kill cancerous cells.
- Treatments are usually successful, though the tumors can come back.
Signs and Symptoms of Osteoid Osteoma
Signs and symptoms of Osteoid Osteoma may vary from patient to patient, the most common symptoms include:
- Dull or sharp pain that worsens at night
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Pain that is usually relieved by aspirin, ibuprofen or other anti-inflammatory drugs
- Limping
- Fever
- Enlargement or deformity of a finger
- Curvature of the spine (scoliosis)
- Painful scoliosis and muscle spasticity, when the tumor is located in the spine
- Growth disturbance, when the tumor is involved with a bone’s growth plate
- Muscle wasting
- Bowing deformity
- Nerve symptoms like sciatica when the tumor is located in the spine
- There may be a lot of inflammation around the tumor and the soft tissue around the tumor may be painful or swollen. Sometimes even a lump may be felt.
Causes of Osteoid Osteoma
An osteoid osteoma occurs when certain cells divide uncontrollably, forming a small mass of bone and other tissue. This growing tumor replaces healthy bone tissue with abnormal, hard bone tissue. No one knows exactly why this occurs. Researchers are still working to understand what causes osteoid osteomas to form. They seem to start with inflammation in the bone. When that occurs, blood vessels in the area start to expand and grow. Bone-producing cells called osteoblasts soon start to multiply. They lay down the building blocks for bone. Cells that break down bone, called osteoclasts, also become part of the osteoma. The growing tumor tumor puts pressure on the surrounding bone. This hardens and forms a shell around the tumor.
Diagnosis of Osteoid Osteoma
Most patients with osteoid osteomas have pain for months or even years before the disease is diagnosed. In children, people may assume that the child’s pain is from growing pains. Unlike growing pains, physical activity has no effect on the pain of osteoid osteomas.
To find the cause of the pain, the doctor will ask about the nature and severity of the pain. He or she may also ask:
- Whether certain things make the pain better or worse
- How long the pain has been present
- Whether you have ever been injured in that area of the body
X-rays can help you doctor diagnose the osteoid osteoma. On an X-ray, the bony shell appears white and the nidus will appear dark. Sometimes other imaging tests can help make sure that something else, such as an infection or cancer, is not causing the pain. These studies may include:
- Blood tests
- CT scans
- MRI scans
- Bone scans
- Biopsy
Treatment of Osteoid Osteoma
Osteoid osteomas may shrink on their own. But that usually takes years. Some patients get pain relief from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Some NSAIDs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen, are available without a prescription. Others are only available by prescription. NSAIDs may speed up the shrinkage of osteoid osteomas. But they can cause problems such as stomach irritation, ulcers, bleeding, high blood pressure, rash, and ankle swelling. They can sometimes also cause kidney or heart problems.
Because osteoid osteomas can be quite painful and take a long time to go away, healthcare providers often treat them more aggressively. Treatment options include:
- Surgery
- CT-guided drill resection
- Radiofrequency ablation
Detailed clinical data and pathology annotations including patient’s corresponding diagnostic test values are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for In-vitro research and drug discovery.
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