Bay Biosciences provides high-quality, fresh frozen, aqueous humor samples from glaucoma patients and age matched normal healthy donors for research.
Aqueous Humor Overview
Aqueous humor is a thin, watery fluid located in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. The anterior chamber lies between the iris (colored part of the eye) and the inner surface of the cornea (the front of the eye).
The posterior chamber is located behind the iris and in front of the lens. In addition to supporting the shape of this area, aqueous humor supplies nutrients and nourishment to parts of the eye that lack blood supply. It also removes waste.
Improper drainage of the aqueous humor can cause an increase in intraocular pressure (pressure inside the eye). This increase can result in loss of vision or contribute to the development of glaucoma. Issues with aqueous humor drainage can be treated surgically.
Eye Pressure and Glaucoma
Eye pressure, or intraocular pressure, is the pressure of fluids within the eye.
The front part of the eye contains a clear fluid called aqueous humor. Usually, aqueous humor flows in and out of the eye through the drainage angle, maintaining a steady pressure.
If there is an issue with the drainage of aqueous humor, fluid can build up and increase eye pressure. Eye pressure that is too high or too low can damage vision.
High eye pressure increases the risk of glaucoma and can damage the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss. The optic nerve sits at the back of the eye and sends signals to the brain, allowing people to see.
Managing eye pressure is an important part of managing glaucoma, as reducing high eye pressure can help prevent vision loss.
Some people with high eye pressure will not develop glaucoma, which can also occur in those without high eye pressure. When this occurs, doctors call it normal-tension glaucoma.
Glaucoma Eye Pressure Range
According to the National Eye Institute (NEI), the eye pressure range for developing glaucoma can vary from person to person.
In some cases, people with high eye pressure will not develop glaucoma, though some without high eye pressure may develop glaucoma. This is because the level of pressure that the optic nerve can tolerate varies with each person.
Typical eye pressure ranges from 10 to 20 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Eye doctors generally consider a measurement above 21 mm Hg as high eye pressure.
People with high eye pressure but no signs of damage have ocular hypertension. Ocular hypertension involves no signs of vision loss or damage to the optic nerve, but individuals have an increased risk of glaucoma.
Glaucoma occurs if high eye pressure damages the optic nerve.
Dangerously High Eye Pressure
There is no set level of high eye pressure that causes glaucoma and no level of lower eye pressure that will prevent the risk of glaucoma. However, high eye pressure is a significant risk factor for glaucoma.
The NEI states that a level of eye pressure that is too high depends on the individual. Every person’s optic nerve can handle a different amount of pressure.
If people have high eye pressure, managing and lowering eye pressure may be necessary to prevent damage from occurring or worsening.
In people with glaucoma, the target range for lowering eye pressure may also change over time and may need lowering further to prevent glaucoma from progressing.
Signs and Symptoms of High Eye Pressure and Glaucoma
High eye pressure, or ocular hypertension, does not usually cause noticeable symptoms. Individuals may have high eye pressure without realizing it, so regular eye exams are important.
People may also be unaware of having glaucoma, as in the early stages of the condition, it does not usually cause symptoms. When symptoms develop, they may be so slow that individuals do not notice them.
Over time, a person may gradually start to lose their vision. This can begin with peripheral vision, particularly the vision that is closest to the nose. Individuals may also notice blind spots in their vision.
If glaucoma worsens, it can cause the loss of peripheral vision. Without treatment, glaucoma can ultimately lead to blindness.
Seeking Treatment
High eye pressure and glaucoma may not cause any symptoms at first, so it is important to get regular eye exams. A doctor will measure eye pressure and check the optic nerve for any signs of damage.
It is also important for people with a family history of glaucoma to attend regular eye exams. If someone has concerns about changes to their vision, they can speak with a doctor or eye specialist.
Early diagnosis and treatment are important to lower eye pressure and prevent vision loss or optic nerve damage.
If people have glaucoma, starting treatment as soon as possible can help prevent vision loss or stop vision from worsening.
Angle-closure glaucoma is a less common type of glaucoma that may not cause any symptoms until people experience an acute attack.
Acute angle-closure-glaucoma is a medical emergency that may cause a sudden onset of the following symptoms:
- Blurry or decreased vision
- Severe eye pain
- Headache
- Seeing halos of light or rainbows
- Nausea
- Vomiting
Summary
High eye pressure can increase the risk of glaucoma but does not guarantee a person will develop it. Lowering high eye pressure is important to prevent vision loss and damage to the optic eye.
If people have glaucoma, managing eye pressure can help prevent further damage and vision loss.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.
Samples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.
Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.
This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.
Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.
Including fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.
Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Types of Biospecimens
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:
- Peripheral whole-blood
- Amniotic fluid
- Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)
- Sputum
- Pleural effusion
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Serum (sera)
- Plasma
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)
- Saliva
- Buffy coat
- Urine
- Stool samples
- Aqueous humor
- Vitreous humor
- Kidney stones (renal calculi)
- Other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer.
We can also procure most human bio-specimens, special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols; you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.
Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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