Bay Biosciences high quality clinical grade fresh frozen (-80°) serum, plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples from patient’s whole-blood with matching tumor tissue samples from unique Liver Cancer patients diagnosed with advance HCC Liver Cancer Stage II – Stage IV.
Function of the Liver
The liver is the largest internal organ in the body. It plays a key role in the digestion of food. The liver is a critical organ the body cannot live without. It helps filter impurities and produces bile, which helps the body digest food and process fats. Following are some of the important functions of the liver:
- Collecting and filtering blood from the intestines
- Processing and storing needed nutrients absorbed by the intestines
- Converting some nutrients into energy or into substances needed to repair and build tissue
- Producing some of the body’s blood-clotting factors
- Removing toxins from the body
- Helping maintain the proper sugar level in the body
Liver Cancer
Liver cancer begins when healthy cells change and grow out of control in the liver, forming a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread.
Liver cancer also known as Primary Hepatic Cancer, is a cancer that starts in the liver. The leading cause of liver cancer is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C or excess drinking of alcohol. Other causes include diseases like Non Fatty Alcoholic Liver (NAFLD) and other diseases. The most common type of Liver Cancer is Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) are which makes up 80% of cases.
Liver cancer can be classified in two ways. Primary liver cancer that starts in the tissue of the liver. The most common type of primary liver cancer is called hepatocellular carcinoma. The number of cases of primary liver cancer in the United States has been increasing over the years the number of diagnoses has more than tripled since 1980’s. Worldwide liver cancer diagnoses has increased by 75 percent in the past several years.
Secondary liver cancer is a cancer that started in some other part of the body and infiltrated into the liver. This type is also called metastatic liver cancer. This is not liver cancer, but rather metastatic cancer of another organ. For example, pancreatic, colon, stomach, breast, lung, or other cancer that has spread to the liver is still named according to the organ in which it was started.
Signs and Symptoms of Liver Cancer
Usually there are no signs or symptoms of liver cancer if the tumor is detected early as part of the screening process. If the liver is swollen following are some of the noticeable signs and symptoms of liver cancer:
- Pain, especially at the top right of the abdominal area, near the right shoulder blade, or in the back
- Fever
- Abdominal Swelling (ascites)
- Jaundice, which appears as yellowing of the skin and eyes and occurs when the liver is not functioning properly
- A hard lump under the ribs on the right side of the body, which could be the tumor or a sign that the liver has gotten enlarged (hepatomegaly)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Weakness
- Bloating
- Headaches
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Dark colored urine
- Unexplained weight loss
Some symptoms experienced by people with liver cancer (HCC) may be caused by liver cirrhosis rather than the tumor. These symptoms include abdominal swelling from fluid accumulation, called ascites, and needing more water tablets, called diuretics, to control the fluid accumulation. Hepatic encephalopathy (mental confusion) and bleeding from the esophagus or stomach, or any worsening of the condition, may also indicate cancer.
Causes of Liver Cancer
Harmful substances, like alcohol, drugs and fatty foods, damage the liver and cause liver cells to die. Although the liver can regenerate itself, if the damage continues for several years or decades, the organ may become permanently scarred, causing a condition called cirrhosis. Cirrhosis, diabetes and chronic infection with hepatitis B or C virus are all risk factors for liver cancer. Many of these conditions develop from behaviors that are often lifestyle-related, such as:
- Heavy alcohol use
- Drug use
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Unprotected sex
Diagnosis of Liver Cancer
Diagnosis of liver cancer may include the following:
- Imaging tests such as MRI, CT scan, ultrasound, PET
- Liver biopsy
- Lab tests
- A Bone scan
Treatment of Liver Cancer
Many treatment options are used for liver cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Treatment options for liver cancer include:
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Interventional radiology
- Targeted therapy
- Gastroenterology
- Immunotherapy
Detailed clinical data and pathology annotations including patient’s corresponding diagnostic test values are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for drug discovery and research.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens and human bio-fluid collections from cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer–serum, cancer–plasma cancer-PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages it’s own bio-repository, human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types. Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed samples associated patient’s clinical data. This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information. Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, other therapeutic areas and diseases. This clinical information is critical to demonstrate their impact, monitor the safety of medicines, testing & diagnostics, and generate new knowledge about the causes of disease and illness.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples including cryogenically preserved -80°C, fresh, fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, FFPE’s, tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC’s.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the researchers specified requirements and customized, tailor made collection protocols. Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors; including peripheral whole-blood, amniotic fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), sputum, pleural effusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (sera), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s), saliva, Buffy coat, urine, stool samples, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, kidney stones, renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis and other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer. We can also procure most human bio-specimens and can do special collections and requests of human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols, you can buy donor specific sample collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquoting from us. Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors, volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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