Bay Biosciences provides high quality, clinical grade bio-samples, cryogenically preserved tumor tissue samples, sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid specimens from patients diagnosed with Lynch Syndrome.
The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples are processed from patient’s peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols. The Lynch Syndrome bio-specimens are collected from unique patients diagnosed with Lynch Syndrome and are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, development and drug discovery.
Lynch Syndrome Overview
Lynch syndrome is an inherited condition that increases a person’s risk of several types of cancer. It used to be known as “hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)” and it is caused by a mutation affecting one of a number of genes. Lynch Syndrome increases the risk of developing colon cancer, endometrial cancer and several other cancers.
A number of inherited cancer syndromes can increase the risk of colon cancer or endometrial cancer, but Lynch syndrome is the most common. The increased risk for these cancers is due to inherited mutations that impair DNA mismatch repair. Lynch Syndrome is a type of cancer syndrome which is caused by mutations in tumor suppressor genes which are genes that protects the cell from turning cancerous. Other genes that may be affected are DNA repair genes, oncogenes and genes involved in the production of blood vessels (angiogenesis).
There are four genes that have been linked to Lynch Syndrome, called MLHL, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. Mutations in another gene called EPCAM can cause Lynch syndrome by affecting MSH2, the gene next to it, but this is very rare. The MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 genes produce DNA mismatch repair proteins, and these stop cancer from developing by helping to repair any DNA damage that always happens when cells divide.
All cells have two copies of a gene, one from each parent, a gene mutation, or spelling error, in one of these genes means that a cell only has one good copy. As a result, if that cell should suffer a mutation in the one good copy it can no longer repair mismatches and the DNA errors aren’t repaired. The abnormal cells can continue to divide with these mistakes, which can then lead to uncontrolled cell growth. This is why the risk of cancer is increased. This is a bit like a spelling error in an instruction manual, the instructions don’t make sense so whatever you’re building won’t work properly. In this case, the mismatch repair genes don’t work.
Families that have Lynch syndrome usually have more instances of colon cancer or endometrial cancer than would typically be expected. Lynch syndrome also causes cancers to occur at an earlier age than they might in the general population.
Lynch Syndrome Symptoms
Patients with Lynch syndrome may experience:
- Colon cancer developing at a younger age, especially before age 50
- A family history of colon cancer that occurs at a young age
- A family history of cancer cancer that affects the uterus (endometrial cancer)
- A family history of other cancer related cancers, including ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, stomach cancer, small intestine cancer, liver cancer, sweat gland cancer (sebaceous carcinoma) and other cancers.
Lynch Syndrome Causes
Lynch syndrome runs in families in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means that if one parent carries a gene mutation for Lynch syndrome, there’s a 50 percent chance that mutation will be passed on to each child. The risk of Lynch syndrome is the same whether the gene mutation carrier is the mother or father or whether the child is a son or daughter.
Gene mutations causing cancer
The genes affected in Lynch syndrome are responsible for correcting changes in the genetic code (mismatch repair genes). Your genes contain DNA, which carries instructions for every chemical process in your body. As your cells grow and divide, they make copies of their DNA and it’s not uncommon for some minor mistakes to occur. Normal cells have mechanisms to recognize mistakes and repair them. But the cells of patients who inherit one of the abnormal genes associated with Lynch syndrome lack the ability to repair these minor mistakes. An accumulation of these mistakes leads to increasing genetic damage within cells and eventually can cause the cells to become cancerous.
Lynch Syndrome Risk Factors
Lynch syndrome is also linked to an increased risk of developing other cancers including:
- Brain, Central Nervous System (CNS) cancer
- Small Bowel cancer
- Liver cancer
- Bile Duct cancer
- Urinary Tract (UT) cancer
- Kidney cancer
- Pancreatic cancer
- Prostate cancer
Detailed clinical data, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Microsatellite instability (MSI), MRI scans, elevated biomarker levels, genetic and metabolic information, histopathological findings, annotations associated with Lynch Syndrome patient’s specimens is provided to a valued customer for research, development and drug discovery. The Lynch Syndrome tumor tissue samples, sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples are processed from patients peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols provided by the researcher.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens and human bio-fluid collections from cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer sera (serum), cancer plasma, cancer PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages it’s own bio-repository, human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types. Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed samples associated patient’s clinical data. This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information. Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, other therapeutic areas and diseases. This clinical information is critical to demonstrate their impact, monitor the safety of medicines, testing & diagnostics, and generate new knowledge about the causes of disease and illness.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples including cryogenically preserved -80°C, fresh, fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, FFPE’s, tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC’s.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the researchers specified requirements and customized, tailor made collection protocols. Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors; including peripheral whole-blood, amniotic fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), sputum, pleural effusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (sera), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s), saliva, Buffy coat, urine, stool samples, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, kidney stones, renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis and other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer. We can also procure most human bio-specimens and can do special collections and requests of human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols, you can buy donor specific sample collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquoting from us.
Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors, volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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