Muscle Stiffness Overview
Muscle stiffness is when your muscles feel tight and you find it more difficult to move than you usually do, especially after rest. Muscles stiffness can also be accompanied by pain, cramping, and discomfort. Muscle stiffness may occur after overuse of a particular muscle, or it may indicate an underlying condition.
It is usually not a cause for concern and can be treated with home remedies and stretching. Muscle stiffness usually goes away on its own. You may find relief with regular exercise and stretching. In some cases, muscle stiffness can be a sign of something more serious, especially if there are other symptoms present.
Types of Muscle Stiffness
There are three types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Muscle stiffness primarily affects skeletal muscle, which is a voluntarily-controlled type of muscle that enables humans to move and perform daily activities.
In general, these actions are possible after a signal from the nervous system stimulates contraction of the skeletal muscle, resulting in movement. If any problems interfere with the communication between the nervous system and the muscle cells, the muscles may remain contracted and result in stiffness.
Causes of Muscle Stiffness
Muscle stiffness is generally characterized by soreness and difficulty moving, sometimes accompanied by cramps, pain, or weakness. Most often, muscle stiffness will occur in the morning and last for less than 30 minutes after waking up or for a couple of days after engaging in new or more challenging exercise.
Other signs and symptoms accompanying muscle stiffness are typically dependent upon the specific causes and location of the stiffness. Muscle stiffness may interfere with walking (i.e., gait), causing a slower, more difficult, and often painful gait.
If muscle spasms accompany the stiffness, the spasms may be triggered by intense emotions, loud noises, or sudden movements. In cases of neuromuscular disorder, muscle stiffness may also be accompanied by curvature of the lower spine and nervous system problems, such as difficulty balancing, numbness or tingling, drooping eyelids, difficulty swallowing, or difficulty breathing.
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