Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Samples
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Overview
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that may occur in patients who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event such as a natural disaster, a serious accident, a terrorist act, war/combat, or rape or who have been threatened with death, sexual violence or serious injury.
They may relive the event through flashbacks or nightmares; they may feel sadness, fear or anger; and they may feel detached or estranged from other people. Patients with PTSD may avoid situations or people that remind them of the traumatic event, and they may have strong negative reactions to something as ordinary as a loud noise or an accidental touch.
Signs and Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Following are the four main categories that the symptoms of PTSD often are grouped into:
- Reliving: Patients with PTSD repeatedly relive the ordeal through thoughts and memories of the trauma. These may include flashbacks, hallucinations, and nightmares. They also may feel great distress when certain things remind them of the trauma, such as the anniversary date of the event.
- Avoiding: The PTSD patient must avoid people, places, thoughts, or situations that may remind them of the trauma. This can lead to feelings of detachment and isolation from family and friends, as well as a loss of interest in activities that the person once enjoyed.
- Increased arousal: These include excessive emotions; problems relating to others, including feeling or showing affection; difficulty falling or staying asleep; irritability; outbursts of anger; difficulty concentrating; and being “jumpy” or easily startled. The person may also suffer physical symptoms, such as increased high blood pressure (Hypertension) and heart rate, rapid breathing, muscle tension, nausea and diarrhea.
- Negative cognitions and mood: Mood swings and negative conditions refers to thoughts and feelings related to blame, estrangement, and memories of the traumatic event.
Causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop when someone go through, see or learn about an event involving actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence.
Researchers are not sure why some people get Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As with most mental health problems, PTSD is probably caused by a complex mix of factors.
Following are some of the common causes that can contribute to PTSD:
- Traumatic and stressful experiences, including the amount and severity of trauma you’ve gone through in your life
- Inherited mental health risks, such as a family history of anxiety and depression.
- Inherited features of a persons personality, or an individual’s temperament.
- How the brain regulates the chemicals and hormones the body releases in response to stress.
Types of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Events
Following are the most common events leading to the development of PTSD:
- Traumatic Event
- Combat exposure
- Childhood physical abuse
- Sexual violence
- Physical assault
- Being threatened with a weapon
- An accident
- Violence
Many other traumatic events also can lead to PTSD, such as fire, natural disaster, mugging, robbery, plane crash, torture, kidnapping, life-threatening medical diagnosis, terrorist attack, and other extreme or life-threatening events.
This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information.
- Peripheral whole-blood,
- Amniotic fluid
- Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)
- Sputum
- Pleural effusion
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Serum (sera)
- Plasma
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s)
- Saliva
- Buffy coat
- Urine
- Stool samples
- Aqueous humor
- Vitreous humor
- Kidney stones (renal calculi)
- Other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer.
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