BAL Samples from Interstitial Lung Disease
Bay Biosciences provides high-quality, fresh frozen bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) samples with matched sera (serum), plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) bio-fluids from patients diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD).
Moreover, the BAL fluid and matched sera (serum), plasma and PBMC bio-fluids are processed from ILD patient’s using customized collection and processing protocols.
In addition, the matched bio-fluids are collected from unique patients with Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, development and drug discovery.
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Overview
In fact, interstitial lung disease is the name given to a group of conditions that cause inflammation and scar tissue in the lungs. Moreover, making it harder for them to work. Additionally, the airways, air sacs, outer aspect of the lungs, and the blood vessels may be affected as well.
Consequently, the condition causes people to feel breathless, and it is often accompanied by a dry cough. Furthermore, diagnosis can be challenging, and there is currently no cure for the disorder.
Nevertheless, there are treatment options that can help with management of the symptoms. Moreover, treatment also includes lifestyle changes to slow progression, as much as possible.
Following are the facts on interstitial lung disease:
- Firstly, causes range from environmental exposures to long-term medical conditions and genetic factors.
- However, the precise cause of most interstitial lung disease is unknown.
- Furthermore, as the disease progresses, it can lead to serious, potentially life-threatening complications.
Types of ILD
There are many types of interstitial lung disease. Moreover, all of them affect the interstitium, which is the network of tissue running through both lungs.
In addition, the interstitium supports the alveoli, or tiny air sacs, in the lungs. Furthermore, blood vessels flow through the interstitium, allowing the blood to receive oxygen and get rid of excess carbon dioxide.
However, disorders that affect the interstitium thicken its tissues through scarring, inflammation, and fluid retention. Consequently, this thickening makes it difficult for the blood to absorb oxygen, which can lead to the symptoms of interstitial lung disease, such as breathlessness.
According to the American Thoracic Society (ATS), there are, in fact, more than 200 different lung disorders that affect the interstitium. Specifically, some of these disorders include:
- Chronic silicosis: A lung disease usually linked to a person’s employment and caused by breathing in too much silica dust.
- Interstitial pneumonia: A lung infection occurring within the interstitium.
- Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis: Also called black lung, this is a lung disorder caused by inhaling coal dust.
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Chronic scarring in the interstitium with no known cause.
- Siderosis: Inflammation or scar tissue from inhaling iron from welding or mining.
- Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis: In addition, damage to the interstitium that often occurs with autoimmune conditions, such as scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Specifically, inflammation due to inhaling allergens or irritating substances, such as mold, plant and animal detritus, or chemicals.
Additional Types
Additional Types
- Connective tissue-related pulmonary fibrosis: Moreover, a condition that affects some people with other connective tissue disorders, such as scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: Furthermore, interstitial lung disease that can resemble pneumonia without an infection being present.
- Acute interstitial pneumonitis: Consequently, sudden damage to the interstitium that is severe and often requires emergency medical treatment and life-support.
- Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis: Additionally, significant inflammation of the lungs often associated with heavy smoking.
- Sarcoidosis: Furthermore, an inflammatory condition that affects the interstitium; sarcoidosis can also cause swollen lymph nodes and issues with the heart, eyes, joints, skin, and nerves.
- Familial pulmonary fibrosis: In particular, a buildup of scar tissue in the lungs that affects two or more people in the same family.
- Asbestosis: Finally, scar tissue or inflammation in the lungs caused by inhaling asbestos fibers.
Symptoms
In fact, symptoms of interstitial lung disease vary and depend on the underlying cause. Nevertheless, some symptoms are usually common to all the different forms of the disease. For instance, the most common symptom is a feeling of shortness of breath or not being able to catch the breath.
In addition, most people with interstitial lung disease experience this symptom, and it may get worse with time. As a result, eventually, a person with interstitial lung disease may feel out of breath even at rest.
Moreover, this characteristic breathlessness is often accompanied by a dry, unproductive cough. Furthermore, some people may also experience unexplained weight loss.
Therefore, anyone who is having trouble breathing should see their doctor for a diagnosis.
Causes and Risk Factors
Anyone can develop interstitial lung disease; however, it may be more common in people with certain medical conditions, specific drug use, or environmental hazards. In fact, these risk factors may include:
Autoimmune Disorders
Moreover, some autoimmune disorders cause the body to attack and damage the lungs and other organs.
Specifically, autoimmune diseases that may affect the lungs include:
- Dermatomyositis
- Scleroderma
- Lupus
- Mixed connective tissue disease
- Polymyositis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Sjögren syndrome
- Vasculitis
Environmental Risks
Furthermore, some lines of work may also put a person at risk for interstitial damage. For instance, exposure to different toxins or pollutants can damage the lungs over time. Notably, these substances can include:
- asbestos
- Coal
- Clay minerals, such as talc
- Dust, such as grain dust
- Iron welding
- Mold
- Radiation treatments
- Silica dust
- Some animal proteins, such as those in bird droppings
Medications
Additionally, some medications and drugs may also damage the lungs, including:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Certain Antibiotics
- Medications used to treat irregular heartbeats
- Chemotherapy drugs
- Some animal proteins, such as those in bird droppings
- Narcotics, including heroin and the medicinal treatment methadone.
Complications
Complications may include:
Firstly, Respiratory Failure.
Respiratory failure occurs in late-stage interstitial lung disease when extremely low blood oxygen levels can contribute to other organ failures.
Additionally, Pulmonary Hypertension.
Scar tissue, inflammation, or low oxygen levels that restrict the flow of blood are causes of high blood pressurea in the arteries of the lungs.
Finally, Right Ventricle Heart Failure.
Interstitial lung disease may lead to cor pulmonale when the right ventricle has to pump harder to move blood through the lungs. This extra work can cause the heart to fail due to the strain.
Diagnosis
Treatment
There are currently no treatments that can completely reverse lung damage. However, some treatments that are currently available may slow the progression of scarring and, consequently, allow a person to breathe more freely. In addition, doctors may prescribe a few different treatments to manage someone’s symptoms. Moreover, many doctors recommend going through pulmonary rehabilitation, as this may help strengthen the lungs. Specifically, pulmonary rehabilitation uses various exercises to encourage a person to stretch their lung capacity and breathe better. Furthermore, a recent study looked at the usefulness of pulmonary rehabilitation in people with interstitial lung disease due to different causes. The research concluded that pulmonary rehabilitation was beneficial for exercise tolerance, symptoms of interstitial lung disease, and quality of life. Additionally, oxygen therapy may be prescribed to help reduce how breathless a person feels and to improve their ability to be active. Nevertheless, a recent review of the research questions the usefulness of oxygen therapy long-term in those with interstitial lung disease.Anti-inflammatory Drugs
While some anti-inflammatory drugs can damage the lungs, others, on the other hand, may help relieve symptoms. For instance, an example is the corticosteroid prednisone. Moreover, corticosteroid treatment corticosteroid treatment can be useful for a variety of interstitial lung diseases; however, it is not without side effects.Immune Suppressing Drugs
If, in fact, an autoimmune disorder is causing symptoms, doctors may therefore recommend immune-suppressing drugs to reduce the damage occurring in the lungs.Antifibrosis Medications
In addition, a newer class of medications, known as antifibrosis or anti-scarring medications, seems to work by blocking the pathways in the body that are necessary for scar tissue formation. Furthermore, these drugs have been approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a type of interstitial lung disease without a known cause. For example, examples of these medications include Ofey (nintedanib) and Esbriet (pirfenidone), which are currently being studied for their effectiveness in other types of interstitial lung disease.Transplant
Finally, conditions that are severe or progressing rapidly may require a lung transplant. Therefore, doctors will want to be sure that a person is in good enough health and free from other health issues before recommending a lung transplant.Outlook
The outlook for interstitial lung disease is different for everyone. Moreover, it is a progressive disease, and there is currently no cure for damage caused by scarring and inflammation. Consequently, symptoms may progress unpredictably and make someone’s life difficult. Nevertheless, people with interstitial lung disease may respond well to lifestyle changes, such as oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and eating a healthful and varied diet. Additionally, medical treatments may help slow lung damage and help someone breathe, and in some cases, a lung transplant will be a necessity. Ultimately, visiting a doctor to diagnose interstitial lung disease and to discuss the ideal treatment option is the best course of action for anyone who suspects they may be experiencing interstitial lung disease.Biospecimens
Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.
Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.
In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.
In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.
Moreover, researchers find patient’s data extremely valuable and use it to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.
For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.
Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.
Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Types of Biospecimens
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:
- Firstly, Peripheral whole-blood
- Secondly, Amniotic fluid
- Third, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)
- Moreover, Sputum
- Furthermore, Pleural effusion
- Next, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Also, Serum (sera)
- Likewise, Plasma
- In addition, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)
- For example, Saliva
- Also, Buffy coat
- Moreover, Urine
- Furthermore, stool samples
- Next, Aqueous humor
- Likewise, Vitreous humor
- Lastly, Kidney stones (renal calculi)
- Finally, Other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer.
Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.
Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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