Bay Biosciences provides fresh frozen tumor tissue samples with matching high quality clinical grade sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples from patients diagnosed with Biliary Tract cancer. The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples are processed from patient’s whole-blood using custom processing protocols, from unique treatment-naive Biliary Tract Adenocarcinoma patients.
Detailed clinical data and pathology annotations including Biliary Tract cancer patient’s corresponding diagnostic test values are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, diagnostics, development and drug discovery.
Biliary Tract (Bile Duct) Cancer Overview
Biliary tract cancer is a rare adenocarcinoma that occurs in a bile duct, often causing jaundice, pruritus and weight loss. The lesion may be papillary or flat and ulcerated. The tumor is often un-resectable at diagnosis.
The bile ducts are a series of thin tubes that go from the liver to the small intestine. Bile ducts move a fluid called bile from the liver and gallbladder into the small intestine, where it helps digest the fats in food.
Cancer can start in any part of the bile duct system, based on which part the cancer is found, it can be grouped into three types:
- Intrahepatic bile duct cancer
- Perihilar (also called hilar) bile duct cancer
- Distal bile duct cancer
Biliary tract cancer can form anywhere along the bile ducts and each sub-type of biliary tract cancer is named after the location where the primary cancer begins. Intrahepatic cancers begin inside the bile duct in the liver. Extrahepatic cancers begin from bile ducts outside the liver. Half of bile duct cancers are Klatskin tumors, which form where the right hepatic duct joins with the left hepatic duct in the liver. Cancers that begin in the common bile duct are called common bile duct cancers. If there are multiple tumors present in different areas of the bile duct this is called multifocal bile duct cancer.
Biliary Tract (Bile Duct) Cancer Signs and Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma include:
- Jaundice
- Intensely itchy skin
- Light colored/greasy stools (Steatorrhea)
- Dark Urine
- Bloated feeling
- Abdominal pain
- Loss of Appetite/weight loss
- Fever
- Nausea and vomiting
Causes of Biliary Tract (Bile Duct) Cancers
Exact cause of most bile duct cancers are unknown, but researchers have found some risk factors that make a person more likely to develop bile duct cancer. There seems to be a link between this cancer and things that irritate and inflame the bile ducts, whether it’s bile duct stones, infestation with a parasite, or something else.
Inflammation might lead to certain changes in the DNA of cells, making them grow out of control and form cancers. DNA is the chemical in each of our cells that makes up our genes, the instructions for how our cells function.
- Genes that control when cells grow, divide into new cells, and die are called oncogenes.
- Genes that slow down cell division or cause cells to die at the right time are called tumor
suppressor genes.
Cancers can be caused by DNA changes (mutations) that turn on oncogenes or turn off tumor suppressor genes. Changes in many different genes are usually needed for a cell to become cancer.
We usually look like our parents because they are the source of our DNA. But DNA affects more than how we look. Some people inherit DNA mutations from their parents that greatly increase their risk for certain cancers. But inherited gene mutations are not thought to cause very many bile duct cancers.
Gene mutations related to bile duct cancers are usually acquired during life rather than being inherited. For example, acquired changes in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene are found in most bile duct cancers. Other genes that may play a role in bile duct cancers include KRAS, HER2, and ALK. Some of the gene changes that lead to bile duct cancer might be caused by inflammation. But sometimes the cause of these changes is not known. Many gene changes might just be random events that sometimes happen inside a cell, without having an outside cause.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens and human bio-fluid collections from cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma cancer PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages it’s own bio-repository, human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types. Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed samples associated patient’s clinical data. This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information. Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, other therapeutic areas and diseases. This clinical information is critical to demonstrate their impact, monitor the safety of medicines, testing & diagnostics, and generate new knowledge about the causes of disease and illness.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples including cryogenically preserved -80°C, fresh, fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, FFPE’s, tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC’s.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the researchers specified requirements and customized, tailor made collection protocols. Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors; including peripheral whole-blood, amniotic fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), sputum, pleural effusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (sera), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s), saliva, Buffy coat, urine, stool samples, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, kidney stones, renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis and other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer. We can also procure most human bio-specimens and can do special collections and requests of human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols, you can buy donor specific sample collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquoting from us. Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors, volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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