Bay Biosciences provides high quality, clinical grade fresh frozen cryogenically preserved lung biopsy tissue samples, FFPE’s with matched sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid specimens from patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD).
The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples are centrifuged from patient’s peripheral whole-blood using customized processing protocols. The human bio-specimens are collected from unique patients diagnosed with Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, development and drug discovery.
Interstitial Lung Disease Overview (ILD)
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) also known Pulmonary Fibrosis is an umbrella term used for a large group of pulmonary diseases that cause scarring, pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation of the interstitium, which is the tissue that surrounds the lung’s air sacs, blood vessels and airways. The scarring and damage causes stiffness in the lungs which makes it difficult to breathe and get oxygen to the bloodstream. Symptoms include shortness of breath and cough. Lung damage from ILDs is often irreversible and gets worse over time. ILD may be limited to the lung, or it can be related to a condition that may affect other parts of the body, such as rheumatoid arthritis or sarcoidosis.
Pulmonary Fibrosis means thickening or scarring of the lung tissue. Normally the walls in the air sacs of the lungs are thin and lacy, when pulmonary fibrosis occurs the walls of the air sacs in the lungs are no longer remain thin and lacy, but get thick, stiff and scarred, which is also known as fibrotic. With the scarring, the architecture of the lung gets stiffer and is less efficient in the ability to get oxygen into the blood stream. In addition, the stiffness or fibrosis of the tissue makes it more difficult to expand the lungs and breathe. It takes more energy to breathe and this additional demand of energy leads to shortness of breathe, exertion, tiredness and fatigue. This can lead to a decrease in exercise tolerance, and this prolonged state of muscles throughout the body going unused can make the patient more easily fatigued.
There are a number of known causes of pulmonary fibrosis as well as unknown causes, called idiopathic. Exposure to toxins like asbestos, or coal dust or silica (including workers in the coal mining and sandblasting industry) can lead to pulmonary fibrosis.
Interstitial Lung Disease can be caused by long-term exposure to hazardous materials, such as asbestos, coal dust, tobacco smoke, chemicals and other toxic substances. Some types of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, polymyositis/dermatomyositis and lupus also can cause interstitial lung disease. In some cases, however, the causes remain unknown.
The most common symptom of all ILD’s is shortness of breath. This is often accompanied by a dry cough, chest discomfort, fatigue, fever and occasionally weight loss. In most cases, by the time the symptoms appear lung damage has already been done. Severe cases that are left untreated can develop life-threatening complications including high blood pressure (hypertension), heart or respiratory failure.
Interstitial lung disease seems to occurs when an injury to the lungs triggers an abnormal healing response. Ordinarily, the body generates just the right amount of tissue to repair damage. But in interstitial lung disease, the repair process goes awry and the tissue around the air sacs (alveoli) becomes scarred and thickened. This makes it more difficult for oxygen to pass into the bloodstream. Interstitial lung disease can be triggered by many different things, including airborne toxins in the workplace, drugs and some types of medical treatments.
Some people who receive radiation therapy for lung or breast cancer show signs of lung damage months or sometimes years after the initial treatment.
Medications
Many drugs can damage the lungs, especially:
- Chemotherapy drugs: Drugs designed to kill cancer cells can also damage lung tissue.
- Heart medications: Some drugs used to treat irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), may harm lung tissue.
- Some antibiotics: Some antibiotics can also cause lung damage.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs: Certain anti-inflammatory drugs, can cause lung damage.
Types of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)
All types of interstitial lung disease cause the interstitium to thicken. This can happen from inflammation, scarring, or a buildup of fluid. Some forms of ILD last a short time (acute); others are long-term (chronic) and don’t go away.
Following are some of the types of interstitial lung disease (ILD):
- Interstitial pneumonia: Bacteria, viruses, or fungi can infect the interstitium. A bacteria called Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the most common cause.
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: IPF disease makes scar tissue grow in the interstitium. It is unknown what causes this condition.
- Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis: This is an interstitial lung disease that often affects people with autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma.
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: This condition develops when dust, mold or other toxic materials that you breathe irritate your lungs over a long period of time.
- Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP): COP is a pneumonia-like interstitial lung disease but without an infection. This also known as bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP).
- Acute interstitial pneumonitis: This is a sudden, severe interstitial lung disease. People who have it often need to be connected to a ventilator that helps in breathing.
- Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis: This is an interstitial lung disease that partly results from smoking.
- Sarcoidosis: This causes interstitial lung disease along with swollen lymph nodes. It can also affect the eyes, heart and skin.
- Asbestosis: This is an interstitial lung disease caused by breathing asbestos, a fiber used in building materials.
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)
There are numerous causes of interstitial lung disease (ILD), because ILD includes many disorders, it is categorized based on the cause. These types of ILD include:
- Interstitial lung disease (ILD) related to another health disorder: Some people develop ILD as a result of having an autoimmune disease (the immune system attacks the body). Examples of autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, polymyositis/dermatomyositis and sarcoidosis.
- Interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by breathing harmful substances: People who breathe harmful and toxic particles such as coal dust, asbestos, tobacco smoking or hairdressing chemicals may develop ILD.
- Genetic Interstitial lung disease (ILD): A genetic ILD occurs when the disease is passed down among family members. These conditions include neurofibromatosis (NF) is a genetic neurological disorder that can affect the brain, spinal cord, nerves and skin. Tumors, or neurofibromas, grow along the body’s nerves or on or underneath the skin. Gaucher disease is a genetic disorder where fat-laden Gaucher cells build up in areas like the spleen, liver and bone marrow.
- Idiopathic Interstitial lung disease (ILD): Idiopathic means the cause is not known. Idiopathic ILD usually affects people over 60 years old.
- Asbestos
- Bird proteins (such as from exotic birds, chickens, or pigeons)
- Coal dust or various other metal dusts from working in mining
- Grain dust from farming
- Silica dust
- Talc
Certain drugs can cause ILD:
- Some antibiotics, like nitrofurantoin
- Some anti-inflammatory drugs, like rituximab
- Chemotherapy drugs like bleomycin
- Heart medications such as amiodarone
Anyone can get interstitial lung disease, but some factors can put you at higher risk of getting ILDs:
- Age – Adults are much more likely to get ILD, but children can, too.
- Autoimmune disease like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Genetics – Some conditions are passed down among family members.
- Smoking
- Radiation treatments for cancer
Signs and symptoms of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)
Most patients with ILD have symptoms that make breathing difficult, including:
- Shortness of breath (Dyspnea)
- Coughing typically nonproductive
- Decreased exercise tolerance
- Aching muscles and joints
- Fatigue
- Unintentional Weight loss
- Widening and rounding of the tips of the fingers or toes (clubbing)
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Diagnosis
- Chest X-ray – Usually simple chest X-ray is the first test for most people with a breathing problem. Chest X-rays in people with interstitial lung disease may show fine lines in the lungs.
- CT scans -A CT scan takes multiple X-rays of the chest, and a computer creates detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures. CT scans can usually find interstitial lung disease.
- High-resolution CT scan – High resolution CT scan settings can get better-quality images of the interstitium which can result in better diagnosis.
- Lung function test – LFT is used to measure the total lung capacity, which might be reduced in patients with interstitial lung disease. ILD patients are less able to transfer oxygen from the lungs into the blood.
- Lung biopsy – Looking at lung tissue under a microscope is often the only way for a doctor to know which type of interstitial lung disease you have. Lung biopsy tissue is collected in a procedure called a lung biopsy, which can be done several ways:
- Bronchoscopy – In this procedure the doctor will run a tube called an endoscope through your mouth or nose and into your airways. Tiny tools on the endoscope can take a small sample of lung tissue.
- Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) – In this procedure small cuts are made to insert tools that take samples from multiple areas of lung tissue.
- Open lung biopsy (thoracotomy) In some cases, traditional surgery with a large incision in the chest to get a lung biopsy maybe required.
Detailed clinical data, biomarker information including Lung (pulmonary) function test results, CT, lung biopsy, bronchoscopy and pathology annotations, associated with the patients specimens from Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is provided to a valued customer for drug discovery, development and research.
The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples were processed using customized processing protocols provided by the researcher.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens and human bio-fluid collections from cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer sera (serum), cancer plasma, cancer PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages it’s own bio-repository, human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types. Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed samples associated patient’s clinical data. This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information. Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, other therapeutic areas and diseases. This clinical information is critical to demonstrate their impact, monitor the safety of medicines, testing & diagnostics, and generate new knowledge about the causes of disease and illness.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples including cryogenically preserved -80°C, fresh, fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, FFPE’s, tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC’s.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the researchers specified requirements and customized, tailor made collection protocols. Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors; including peripheral whole-blood, amniotic fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), sputum, pleural effusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (sera), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s), saliva, Buffy coat, urine, stool samples, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, kidney stones, renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis and other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer. We can also procure most human bio-specimens and can do special collections and requests of human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols, you can buy donor specific sample collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquoting from us. Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors, volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
日本のお客様は、ベイバイオサイエンスジャパンBay Biosciences Japan またはhttp://baybiosciences-jp.com/contact/までご連絡ください。