Bay Biosciences supplies pharmaceutical customers with Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks; moreover, it provides matching fresh frozen serum (sera) and plasma samples from liver cancer patients, accompanied by detailed clinical annotations for research, development, and drug discovery.

Function of the Liver

The liver is the largest internal organ in the body. It plays a key role in the digestion of food. The liver is a critical organ the body cannot live without. It helps filter impurities and produces bile, which helps the body digest food and process fats.  Following are some of the important functions of the liver:

  • Collecting and filtering blood from the intestines
  • Processing and storing needed nutrients absorbed by the intestines
  • Converting some nutrients into energy or into substances needed to repair and build tissue
  • Producing some of the body’s blood-clotting factors
  • Removing toxins from the body
  • Helping maintain the proper sugar level in the body

Liver Cancer

Healthy cells in the liver change and grow out of control, forming a mass called a tumor. Specifically, a tumor can be cancerous or benign. In fact, a cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. On the other hand, a benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread.

Furthermore, doctors recognize liver cancer, also known as Primary Hepatic Cancer, as a cancer that starts in the liver. In addition, they identify cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or excessive drinking of alcohol as the leading cause of liver cancer. Moreover, they also consider diseases like Non Fatty Alcoholic Liver (NAFLD) and other diseases as contributing factors.

Consequently, they find that the most common type of Liver Cancer, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), makes up 80% of cases.

Additionally, researchers classify liver cancer in two ways. First, primary liver cancer starts in the tissue of the liver. Specifically, they call the most common type of primary liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma.

Notably, they observe that the number of cases of primary liver cancer in the United States has been increasing over the years, and diagnoses have more than tripled since the 1980s. Similarly, worldwide, they report that liver cancer diagnoses have increased by 75 percent in the past several years.

Moreover, doctors define secondary liver cancer as a cancer that started in another part of the body and infiltrated into the liver.They also call this type metastatic liver cancer.This is not liver cancer, but rather metastatic cancer of another organ.

For example, they name pancreatic, colon, stomach, breast, lung, or other cancers that have spread to the liver according to the organ in which they started.

Signs and Symptoms of Liver Cancer

Usually, there are no signs or symptoms of liver cancer if the tumor is detected early as part of the screening process. However, if the liver is swollen, following are some of the noticeable signs and symptoms of liver cancer:

  • First pain, especially at the top right of the abdominal area, near the right shoulder blade, or in the back
  • Additionally, fever may be present 
  • Furthermore, abdominal swelling (ascites) can occur
    abdominal Swelling (ascites)
  • Moreover, jaundice, which appears as yellowing of the skin and eyes and occurs when the liver is not functioning properly
  • In addition, a hard lump under the ribs on the right side of the body, which could be the tumor or a sign that the liver has gotten enlarged (hepatomegaly) may be felt
  • Other symptoms include, nausea and vomiting
  • Furthermore, weakness may be experienced along with bloating
  • Additionally headaches and diarrhea can occur
  • Finally, fatigue, dark colored urine and unexplained weight loss may also be present

It is important to note that some symptoms experienced by people with liver cancer (HCC) may be caused by liver cirrhosis rather than the tumor.

Specifically, these symptoms include abdominal swelling from fluid accumulation, called ascites, and needing more water tablets, called diuretics, to control the fluid accumulation.

Moreover, hepatic encephalopathy (mental confusion) and bleeding from the esophagus or stomach, or any worsening of the condition, may also indicate cancer.

Causes of Liver Cancer

Harmful substances, like alcohol, drugs and fatty foods, damage the liver and cause liver cells to die.  Furthermore, although although the liver can regenerate itself, if people continue to damage it for several years or decades, the organ may become permanently scarred, causing a condition called cirrhosis.

In addition, people often develop cirrhosis, diabetes and chronic infection with hepatitis B or C virus are all risk factors for liver cancer.  Notably, many of these conditions develop from behaviors that are often lifestyle-related, such as:

Diagnosis of Liver Cancer

Diagnosis of liver cancer may include the following:

  • Imaging tests such as MRI,  CT scan, ultrasound, PET
  • Liver biopsy
  • Lab tests
  • A Bone scan 

Treatment of Liver Cancer

Many treatment options are used for liver cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Treatment options for liver cancer include:

Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancerserum, cancerplasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.

Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Moreover, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Customized Collections

Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.

 

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