Bay Biosciences provides high quality, clinical grade fresh frozen cryogenically preserved plasma, sera (serum) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples from patients diagnosed with severe sepsis and septic shock.
The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples are derived from patient’s peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols. The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid samples are collected from unique patients diagnosed with severe Sepsis/Septic Shock and provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for diagnostics, research and development.
Sepsis Overview
Sepsis is the body’s unusually extreme inflammatory immune response to an infection it is also called septicemia. During sepsis, the body’s immune system, which defends the body from germs, releases a lot of chemicals into the blood stream. Sepsis occurs when the body’s response to these chemicals is out of balance, triggering widespread inflammation and changes that can damage multiple organ systems. Clots are formed which reduce the blood flow to the limbs and internal organs, so they don’t get the nutrients and oxygen they need. Sepsis happens when an infection you already have, in your skin, lungs, urinary tract, or somewhere else in the body triggers a chain reaction throughout the body. If sepsis progresses to septic shock, blood pressure drops dramatically. Without timely treatment, sepsis can rapidly lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death.
Sepsis is a complication of an infection that can be contagious, but sepsis is not itself contagious. Most sepsis is caused by bacterial infections, but it can be a complication of other infections, including viral infections, such as COVID-19 or Influenza.
Sepsis is caused by infection and can happen to anyone. Sepsis is more common and dangerous in:
- Infants
- Pregnant women
- Senior citizens
- Patients who have chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, kidney or lung disease
- Patients with Immunosuppressive conditions
- Sepsis survivors
Early treatment of sepsis, usually with antibiotics and large amounts of intravenous fluids, improves chances for survival.
There are three stages of Sepsis: Sepsis, Severe Sepsis, and Septic Shock.
Severe Sepsis
Severe sepsis occurs when there’s an organ failure. There must be one or more of the following signs to be diagnosed with severe sepsis:
- Abnormal heart function
- Breathing issues
- Changes in mental ability
- Chills due to low body temperature
- Extreme Pain and discomfort
- Decreased urination
- Extreme weakness and Fatigue
- Patches of discolored skin
- Fever
- Low platelets count
- Unconsciousness
Septic shock
Septic shock is a severe and potentially fatal condition that occurs when sepsis leads to life-threatening low blood pressure. The body usually responds to an infection by releasing inflammatory substances into the bloodstream. These regulate the immune system to fight the infection. When the body loses control of this response, it triggers damaging changes to the organs. As a result, they can become dysfunctional or even stop working entirely. If a patient with sepsis has low blood pressure that does not improve with fluid treatment, this means that their body has gone into septic shock. Having a case of severe sepsis increases the risk of a future infections. Severe sepsis or septic shock can also cause complications, such as small blood clots can form throughout the patients body. These clots block the flow of blood and oxygen to vital organs and other parts of the body. This increases the risk of organ failure and tissue death.
Signs and Symptoms of Sepsis
- Fever
- Shivering or feeling very cold
- Heart rate higher than 90 beats per minute
- Low blood pressure
- Shortness of breath
- Confusion or disorientation
- Clammy sweaty skin
- Extreme pain or discomfort
- Probable or confirmed infection
Causes of Sepsis
Any type of infection can cause sepsis, weather bacterial, viral or fungal. Following are some of the common causes of sepsis:
Complications
Sepsis ranges from less to more severe. As sepsis worsens, blood flow to vital organs, such as the brain, heart and kidneys, becomes impaired. Sepsis can also cause blood clots to form in the organs and in the arms, legs, fingers and toes leading to varying degrees of organ failure and tissue death (gangrene). This happens due to prolonged ischemia (infarction) or inadequate oxygenation or lack of blood flow, gangrene is the localized death of body tissue.
Most patients recover from mild sepsis, but the average mortality rate for septic shock is about 40 percent. Also, an episode of severe sepsis may place you at higher risk of future infections.
Diagnosis of Sepsis
There are several tests performed to try to pinpoint underlying infection and the causes of sepsis.
Blood tests
A blood sample drawn from two distinct sites is tested for:
- Evidence of infection
- Clotting problems
- Abnormal liver or kidney function
- Impaired oxygen availability
- Electrolyte imbalances
Other laboratory tests
Depending on the patients symptoms, the doctor may also want to run tests on one or more of the following bodily fluids:
- Urine – If the doctors suspect urinary tract infection (UTI), they may want to analyze urine for signs of bacteria.
- Wound secretions – If the patient have an infected wound, testing a sample of the wound’s secretions can help show what type of antibiotic might work best.
- Respiratory secretions – If the patient is coughing up mucus (sputum), it may be tested to determine what type of germ is causing the infection.
Imaging tests
If the site of infection is not obvious, the doctor may order one or more of the following imaging tests:
- X-ray – X-rays are used for visualizing problems in the lungs.
- Computerized tomography (CT) – Infections in the appendix or pancreas and other internal organs are easier to detect on CT scans. This technology takes X-rays from a variety of angles and combines them to depict cross-sectional slices of the body’s internal structures.
- Ultrasound – Ultrasound technology uses sound waves to produce real-time images on a video monitor. Ultrasound may be particularly useful to check for infections in the gallbladder or ovaries.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – MRIs are helpful in identifying soft tissue infections. This technology uses radio waves and a strong magnet to produce cross-sectional images of the internal structures of your body.
Detailed clinical data, biomarker information including elevated PCT values, test results are provided associated with the severe sepsis and septic shock sera (serum), plasma and PBMC samples is provided to a valued customer for diagnostics, research, development and drug discovery.
The severe sepsis sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid bio-specimens were processed using customized collection and processing protocols provided by the researcher.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens and human bio-fluid collections from cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer sera (serum), cancer plasma, cancer PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages it’s own bio-repository, human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types. Our biobank procures and stores fully consented, deidentified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
All our human human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed samples associated patient’s clinical data. This critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers and genetic information. Patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, other therapeutic areas and diseases. This clinical information is critical to demonstrate their impact, monitor the safety of medicines, testing & diagnostics, and generate new knowledge about the causes of disease and illness.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples including cryogenically preserved -80°C, fresh, fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, FFPE’s, tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC’s.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the researchers specified requirements and customized, tailor made collection protocols. Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors; including peripheral whole-blood, amniotic fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), sputum, pleural effusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (sera), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC’s), saliva, Buffy coat, urine, stool samples, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, kidney stones, renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis and other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer. We can also procure most human bio-specimens and can do special collections and requests of human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols, you can buy donor specific sample collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquoting from us. Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors, volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
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