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A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more...

Biopsy Overview Biopsy is procedure in which a piece of skin, tissue, organ, or suspected tumor is surgically removed and sent to a lab for testing, analysis and diagnostics. In some cases, your doctor may decide that he or she needs a sample of your tissue or your...

Heartburn Heartburn is a burning feeling in the chest caused by stomach acid travelling up towards the throat (acid reflux). If it keeps happening, more than twice a week, it's called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Heartburn is felt when stomach acid flows...

Indigestion Indigestion can be pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen (dyspepsia) or burning pain behind the breastbone (heartburn). Dyspepsia and heartburn may occur together or on their own. However, symptoms usually appear soon after eating or drinking.  Also,...

Shortness of Breath Overview Shortness of breath, medically known as dyspnea, is often described as an intense tightening in the chest, difficulty breathing, breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation not being able to get enough air into the lungs. Very strenuous...

Types of Lung Cancers Lung cancers are classified into the following two main types: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Majority of the lung cancer (NSCLC) cases in the United States, around 85% are Non-small...

Abdominal Pain Overview Abdominal pain also known as stomachache or bellyache is usually felt in the part of the trunk below the ribs, above the pelvis and the groin. Most people experience abdominal pain or stomachache at some point in their lives. It can range in...

Tumor Overview A tumor is an abnormal growth of body tissue. Tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). Causes of Tumor In general, tumors occur when cells divide and grow excessively in the body. Normally, the body controls cell growth and...

BAY BIOSCIENCES LLC Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing high quality, clinical grade human tissue samples, whole-blood, serum, plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PBMC's and other human biofluids for diagnostics, research,...

Vomiting Overview Vomiting which is also known as puking, throwing up, barfing, emesis is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.  It can be a one-time event linked to something that doesn’t settle...

Constipation Overview Constipation is a condition in which a person has uncomfortable or infrequent bowel movements that is hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely...

Anemia Overview Anemia happens when you do not have enough red blood cells and the number of red blood cells circulating in the body decreases. Healthy red blood cells helps carry adequate oxygen to the body's tissues. The red blood cells travel with iron...