Bay Biosciences provides high quality, clinical grade, bio-specimens and matched cryogenically preserved sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples from patients diagnosed with carotid artery disease.

The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid specimens are processed from carotid artery disease patient’s peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols. The carotid artery disease biofluid samples are collected from unique patients diagnosed with carotid artery disease and are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, diagnostics, discovery and drug development.

Detailed clinical data, patients history, symptoms, complete blood count (CBC), serology, MRI, CT scan, histopathology information, elevated biomarker levels, genetic and metabolic information associated with carotid artery disease specimens is provided to a valued customer for research, development and drug discovery.

 

Carotid Artery Disease Overview

Carotid artery disease is a common cause of stroke. Specifically, it occurs when plaque builds up inside the carotid arteries. These are, in fact, the arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain.

Furthermore, there are two large common carotid arteries, one on each side of the neck. Each of these arteries, in turn, separates into an external and internal carotid artery leading up to the brain.

Moreover, plaque is a combination of fat, calcium, cholesterol, and other substances. Over time, as a result of this buildup, plaque can accumulate in these arteries in a process called atherosclerosis. Consequently, plaque buildups narrow the arteries and make it more difficult for blood to get through them.

As a result, a narrowed carotid artery poses a serious risk, as it may reduce or block the blood flow to the brain, which could ultimately cause a stroke.

In contrast, carotid artery disease is different from coronary artery disease. This is because, on one hand, carotid artery disease reduces the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the brain, while, on the other hand, coronary artery disease reduces the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

Symptoms of Carotid Artery Disease

Many people with carotid artery disease do not have any symptoms at first. However, carotid artery disease generally starts causing noticeable symptoms as the condition gets worse.

In particular, severe narrowing of the artery or a blockage in it may cause serious signs and symptoms, including:

First, Bruit

A carotid bruit is a sound present in the carotid arteries of some people with carotid artery disease.

During a physical examination, the doctor will place a stethoscope on the neck near the carotid arteries and listen for a slight “whooshing” sound. In fact, bruit may suggest that the person has reduced blood flow through the artery due to atherosclerosis.

Transient Ischemic Attack

On the other hand, some people may not experience symptoms of carotid artery disease until they have a transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Specifically, a TIA is very similar to a stroke, but it is not as severe. Indeed, both TIAs and strokes  occur due to blockages that reduce blood flow to the brain. Consequently, some people may refer to it as a mini stroke. Nevertheless, it still requires immediate medical attention.

In summary, symptoms of both a TIA and stroke include:

  • First, a sudden, unexplained, severe headache
  • Second, dizziness
  • Third, loss of balance
  • Moreover, trouble speaking or slurred speech
  • Furthermore, vision difficulties, such as trouble seeing out of one or both eyes
  • In addition, weakness or numbness in the face or limbs, often on one side of the body
  • Finally, inability to move one or more limbs

Anyone experiencing these symptoms needs urgent medical attention. If a person experiences a TIA, the symptoms generally go away within the first 24 hours.

Stroke

Carotid artery disease is a common cause of stroke. Specifically, it may cause a type of stroke known as an ischemic stroke.

Moreover, a stroke causes the same symptoms as a TIA. However, the results may be more severe. Consequently, a stroke may lead to permanent brain damage due to loss of oxygen.

Furthermore, a stroke may cause permanent vision problems, speech issues, or long-term disability. In some cases, therefore, a stroke may lead to paralysis or death.

Causes of Carotid Artery Disease

Atherosclerosis, or plaque buildup, is the direct cause of carotid artery disease. Consequently, this buildup results in a narrowing or hardening of the carotid arteries, which, in turn, slows or blocks blood flow to the brain.

Moreover, although the components of plaque exist in the blood itself, they are more likely to gather in microscopic areas of damage in the arteries.

This damage occurs as a result of genetic factors; furthermore, it is influenced by the effects of diet and lifestyle choices over time. In addition, major contributing risk factors for damage and plaque buildup in the arteries include, for instance:

Biospecimens

biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Moreover, human biospecimens are available including tumor tissue, serum, plasma and PBMC samples from most other therapeutic areas.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and likewise normal healthy donors for controls. Additionally, available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples, human biofluids such as serum samples, plasma samples from various diseases and matched controls.

Also, all our human tissue collections, human biospecimens and human biofluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In fact, this critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Additionally, researchers find the patient’s data associated with the human biospecimens extremely valuable and use it to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, as well as in other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and human biological samples, including fresh frozen human biospecimens cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as human serum, human plasma and human PBMCs.

Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) and human biofluids from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Moreover, we can also procure most human biospecimens and human biofluids, special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples and human biofluids are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human biofluids such as  human plasma, human serum, and human PBMCs bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols; you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Bay Biosciences also provides human biospecimens from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, Contact us Now.