Heartburn
Heartburn is a burning feeling in the chest caused by stomach acid travelling up towards the throat (acid reflux). If it keeps happening, more than twice a week, it’s called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Heartburn is felt when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, the pipe that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Heartburn is a symptom of GERD.
According to the American College of Gastroenterology it is estimated that more than 60 million Americans experience heartburn at least once a month and at least 15 million experience heartburn every day.
- Heartburn causes include diet, obesity, and lack of exercise.
- The primary symptom is a burning sensation in the throat or chest from stomach acid.
- In many cases, heartburn has little bearing on overall health.
- There are many treatments, including PPI medications (proton-pump inhibitors).
Causes of Heartburn
Occasional heartburn is normal and is rarely a significant cause for concern. Recurrent acid reflux results in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD ) and can have serious consequences for health and indicate other underlying health issues. GERD is seen in people of all ages, and the cause is often attributable to a lifestyle factors, such as obesity, smoking, and low levels of exercise.
Normally when you swallow food, a band of muscle around the bottom of the esophagus (lower esophageal sphincter) relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow down into the stomach. Then the muscle tightens again. If the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes abnormally or weakens, stomach acid can flow back up into your esophagus (acid reflux) and cause heartburn. The acid backup may be worse when you’re bent over or lying down.
Signs and Symptoms of Heartburn
Most common signs and symptoms of heartburn are feeling of warmth or heat, sometimes burning, in the chest and throat, caused by the stomach acid. Other symptoms of heartburn include:
- Burning sensation in the middle of the chest
- Pain worsens when lying down or bending over
- Rising pain, possibly reaching the jaw
- Burning and indigestion-like pain
- Foul, bitter or acidic taste in the mouth
Risk Factors of Heartburn
Being overweight or pregnant also can increase your risk of experiencing heartburn. Certain foods and drinks can trigger heartburn in some people, including:
- Spicy or acidic foods
- Onions
- Citrus products
- Tomato products, such as ketchup
- Fatty or fried foods
- Peppermint
- Chocolate
- Alcohol, carbonated beverages, coffee or other caffeinated beverages
- Large or fatty meals
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