Bay Biosciences provides high quality, clinical grade, biopsy tissue samples, FFPE tissue blocks with matched cryogenically preserved sera (serum), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluid samples from patients diagnosed with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP).
The sera (serum), plasma and PBMC biofluid specimens are processed from mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) patient’s peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols.
Biopsy tissue and matched biofluid samples are collected from unique patients diagnosed with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) and are provided to a valued pharmaceutical customer for research, diagnostics, discovery and drug development.
The mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), sera (serum), plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) biofluids are processed from patients peripheral whole-blood using customized collection and processing protocols.
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP) Overview
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a group of rare chronic autoimmune disorders characterized by blistering lesions that primarily affect the various mucous membrane of the body.
The mucous membrane of the mouth and eyes are most often affected. The mucous membrane of the nose, throat, genitalia, and anus may also be affected.
The symptoms of MMP vary among affected individuals depending upon the specific site(s) involved and the progression of the disease.
Blistering lesions eventually heal, sometimes with scarring. Progressive scarring may potentially lead to serious complications affecting the eyes and throat. In some cases, blistering lesions also form on the skin, especially in the head and neck area. The exact cause of MMP is unknown.
Signs and Symptoms of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP)
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is characterized by the development of recurring blistering skin lesions affecting the mucous membranes of the body. These lesions may result in scarring of the affected area. Specific symptoms and severity vary from patient to patient depending upon the specific site(s) involved with the disease.
The mucous membranes lining the mouth and eyes are most commonly affected. In some cases, the first sign of Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a red and blistered mouth. The gums, roof of the mouth (palate), and the mucous membrane lining the inner cheek may be affected.
Blistering lesions may spread to affect the esophagus (tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach) as well as the larynx (voice box) potentially resulting in difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and hoarseness in the voice.
Once these lesions heal, progressive scarring may occur, resulting in serious complications including narrowing (stricture) of the esophagus and the larynx. In addition, the opening between the vocal cords may also narrow. In rare severe cases, such symptoms can ultimately result in life-threatening complications such as asphyxiation (suffocation) depriving patient of oxygen, which can result in unconsciousness or death.
Causes of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP)
The exact cause of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is unknown. MMP is an autoimmune disease.
Autoimmune disorders are caused when the body’s natural defenses (antibodies or immunoglobulins) against “foreign” or invading organisms (antigens) begin to attack healthy tissue for unknown reasons.
The term autoantibody is used to describe antibodies that are created to attack healthy tissue. The term autoantigen (“self” antigen) is used to describe the normal tissues and cells of the body that are targeted by the autoantibodies.
In patients who have mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), autoantibodies are being produced that attack the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of the epithelium. The BMZ can be thought of as a sort of glue that holds the outer layer of skin onto the underlying tissues. Once this glue is attacked and destroyed by the autoantibodies, the skin is no longer tacked down, allowing it to lift off and produce blisters.
Researchers believe that in some cases affected individuals may have a genetic susceptibility to developing some forms of mucous membrane pemphigoid. In these cases several factors may contribute to the development of the disorder including immunological, genetic, environmental, and other factors.
In a small number of patients, mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) may be caused by the use of certain prescription drugs. Skin lesions associated with some cases of MMP may appear following trauma to the affected area. Some cases of MMP affecting the eyes may become apparent after eye (ocular) surgery such as cataract removal.
Who gets affected by Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP)
Mucous membrane pemphigoid affects female patients twice as often as male patients. The MMP disorder can occur at any age. However the average age of onset of MMP in patients is between 60 to 70 years of age. Mucous membrane pemphigoid disease is difficult to identify and correctly diagnose, many researchers believe this disease under-diagnosed.
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Samples available are cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma cancer PBMC and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
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