Bay Biosciences provides fresh frozen tumor tissue samples with matching serum, plasma from Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients for research, development and drug discovery.

Moreover NSCLC samples are provided, along with, the associated detailed clinical annotations to a biopharmaceutical customer for research.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Overview

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is, in fact, the most common form of lung cancer; moreover, it carries a lower mortality risk than other forms. Specifically, the most common risk factor for NSCLC is smoking cigarettes.

Notably, NSCLC comprises 80–85% of lung cancer diagnoses. In contrast, it doesn’t grow as quickly as small-cell lung cancer.

Additionally, there are two main kinds of lung cancer: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Furthermore, there are three main kinds of NSCLCs:

1. Adenocarcinomas
2. Squamous cell carcinomas
3. Large cell carcinoma.

Symptoms of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

In its early stages, NSCLC usually doesn’t cause any symptoms. However, when symptoms start to develop, they can include:

Furthermore, if the cancer spreads to other areas of the body, it can cause additional or worsened symptoms, such as:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Problems with speech
  • Pain in areas where cancer cells have spread, such as in bones, head, back, or abdomen
  • Increased weakness or fatigue
  • Seizures

Moreover, sometimes there are no discernible symptoms, at least initially. In fact, an imaging test used for other purposes may reveal the diagnosis.

Causes of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Several factors increase your risk of developing lung cancer. For instance, smoking cigarettes or being exposed to secondhand smoke serves as a primary risk factor for the disease. Additionally, exposure to asbestos and certain paints or chemicals may also increase your risk.

Although you may not be able to prevent NSCLC completely, you can take steps to reduce your risk of developing the disease. **Specifically**, if you smoke cigarettes, you should develop a plan to quit.

Moreover, talk with your doctor about tools that can help you quit smoking and about any support groups that exist. Furthermore, avoid or limit your exposure to the chemical radon, as it increases your disease risk. In addition, test your house for radon and treat it if necessary.

Stages of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Staging of NSCLC is based on the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual and is determined by these factors:

  • Size and location of the tumor or cells
  • Whether it’s spread to the lymph nodes or to other parts of the body
Stage Diagnostic factors
Stage 0 Also known as “in situ disease,” the cancer cells haven’t spread into nearby tissues.
Stage 1A The tumor is 4 and 5 cm in diameter and hasn’t spread to nearby lymph nodes.
Stage 1B The small tumor is between 3 and 4 cm in diameter and hasn’t spread to any nearby lymph nodes. It can likely be removed with surgery.
Stage 2A The tumor is between 4 and 5 cm in diameter and hasn’t spread to any nearby lymph nodes.
Stage 2B The tumor is 5 cm or less in size and has spread to nearby lymph nodes.
Stage 3 Stage 3 is categorized into three substages with varying tumor sizes and spread to lymph nodes. Stage 3 cells haven’t spread to distant parts of the body. Stages 3A and 3B can sometimes involve surgery, and all stage 3 cases will typically require additional treatment, such as chemotherapy.
Stage 4A The cancer cells have spread within the chest and potentially to one area outside of the chest.
Stage 4B The cancer cells have spread outside of the chest into more than one distant area or organ. Generally, surgery isn’t an option.
Recurrent NSCLC A recurrence means that cancer cells have returned after treatment. This can vary by location and severity.

Diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Along with a physical exam and medical history, various tests can help your doctor diagnose lung cancer. Specifically, your doctor may order tests that include:

– A bone scan
– Imaging tests like MRI, CT scan, and PET scan of the chest
– Microscopic examination of sputum (phlegm) to check for cancer cells
– A biopsy of the lung (where a piece of lung tissue is removed for testing)

Once the doctor confirms the diagnosis of cancer, they will then stage the cancer. In this regard, staging allows doctors to classify cancer according to how it spreads in the body. Notably, NSCLC has five stages, from stage 0 to stage 4, with stage 4 indicating the farthest spread.

Furthermore, doctors base the outlook and treatment on the stage. Consequently, they typically find that stage 4 cancer is not curable, so they usually aim treatment at relieving symptoms.

Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Treatment for NSCLC can vary based on the stage of disease, your health, and other factors. Therefore, talk with your doctor about the best treatment option and possible side effects. Additionally, different modes of treatment may be combined to yield the best results.

Consequently, there are five main ways to treat non-small cell lung cancer, including:

Surgery

Surgeons can use surgery in the early stages of NSCLC. Depending on the location of the cancer, they may need to perform one of the following procedures:

– Lobectomy (removing a lobe)
– Pneumonectomy (removing the entire lung)
– Segmentectomy (removing a portion of the lung)
– Wedge resection (removing the tumor and some surrounding tissue)

Furthermore, doctors may also accompany the surgery with treatments before or after. These could include:

– Chemotherapy
– Targeted therapies
– Immunotherapy.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and prevent new ones from growing. In addition, a regimen would be created consisting of several treatments over a few days to a few weeks.

However, radiation wouldn’t be used to treat cancer that has spread throughout the body; instead, it can be useful in targeting specific areas and small tumors. Furthermore, it may also be an option when surgery isn’t.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a type of systemic therapy that is used by anticancer drugs to kill cancer cells. In particular, for lung cancer, chemotherapy is typically administered intravenously. Similarly, like radiation, a regimen would be created with several cycles over time.

Moreover, chemotherapy drugs would be chosen based on the type of cancer and may be combined with other chemotherapy drugs. Ultimately, the outlook for all stages of lung cancer can be improved by chemotherapy.

Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapies address specific proteins, genes, or the environment that enables cancer growth. For instance, they can address issues such as cells with generic mutations or stopping angiogenesis (making new blood vessels).

Moreover, researchers develop new targeted therapies every day and help people live longer and better with lung cancer. Therefore, speak with your doctor to see if any targeted therapies are right for you.

Additionally, your doctor may need to do some additional testing to determine if you’re a candidate.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy, or biologic therapy, aims to use your body’s immune system to fight cancer cell growth. Therefore, doctors often recommend this type of therapy for later-stage cancer or when other therapies aren’t the preferred treatment.

Furthermore, oncologists often use combined therapies, including immunotherapy, to achieve better results.

Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.

Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Moreover, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Customized Collections

Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.

 

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