Blood Sugar Level Overview

Typically, people should keep their fasting blood glucose level below 99 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Moreover, maintaining blood glucose levels within a healthy range can reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Glucose is a sugar that supplies energy to cells in the body. In addition, the body breaks down other carbohydrates into glucose for energy and stores any excess glucose.

Therefore, for balance, people need enough glucose to fuel cells, but not so much that they have consistently high amounts in the bloodstream. Blood glucose monitoring provides people with insight into the amount of sugar that their blood is transporting at that time.

What is a Healthy Blood Sugar Level?

Furthermore, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) considers a healthy fasting blood sugar level to be below 99 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

In contrast, in people with diabetes, these levels change more. Instead of targeting a specific level, managing blood sugar aims to keep the levels within a healthy range.

Notably, blood glucose levels change throughout the day. After eating, levels rise and then settle after about an hour. Typically, they reach their lowest point before the first meal of the day.

Thus, the American Diabetes Association recommends target levels of 80 to 130 mg/dL before eating if a person has diabetes. Moreover, within 2 hours of eating a meal, blood glucose levels should be less than 180 mg/dL

High Blood Glucose Levels

Consistently high blood sugar levels, or hyperglycemia, indicate that a person has fasting blood glucose levels above 125 mg/dL and above 180 mg/dL, 2 hours after eating.

Furthermore, problems with insulin can lead to hyperglycemia. Insulin, a hormone, signals the body when to store excess glucose, helping regulate the amount in a person’s blood.

However, when the body lacks enough insulin to respond to glucose levels or when cells become less sensitive to insulin, glucose stays in the blood. Consequently, over time, this condition can eventually cause type 2 diabetes.

Causes

Additionally, high glucose levels arise from other causes such as:

  • Endocrine disorders, such as Cushing’s syndrome
  • Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, phenytoin, or estrogen
  • Damage to the pancreas
  • Intravenous administered nutrition
  • Gestational diabetes

Symptoms

Moreover, people can experience symptoms of hyperglycemia, which may include:

Complications in Diabetic Patients

If hyperglycemia contributes to diabetes development, a person can face more serious complications due to damage to nerves, blood vessels, or organs. In particular, these complications include:

In fact, a 2020 study has also linked extremely high or low blood glucose levels to cognitive decline due to reduced blood flow in the brain and other changes that can affect thought processes.

Low Blood Glucose Levels

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar concentrations fall below  70 mg/dL. Moreover, people with type 1 diabetes experience it most commonly.

Various factors can cause hypoglycemia, including, for instance:

  • Anorexia
  • Certain medications
  • Cortisol deficiency
  • Malnourishment
  • Insulin misuse or diabulimia
  • Prolonged alcohol consumption
  • Serious illness
  • Some rare tumors that may consume glucose or produce chemicals similar to insulin.

Early Signs

Furthermore, early signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:

In addition, however less common, seizures may occur or the person may lose consciousness. Moreover, if left untreated, severe hypoglycemia can be fatal, particularly for those with type 1 diabetes.

Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.

Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Moreover, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Customized Collections

Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.

 

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