Antioxidants Overview
Many nutrient-dense foods are rich in antioxidants, including certain types of berries, nuts, and vegetables. These foods have also been linked to other health benefits and may protect against chronic disease.
Antioxidants are compounds made in the body and found in food that help defend cells from free radicals, which can cause oxidative stress and increase the chance of developing various chronic diseases.
Furthermore, antioxidants are molecules that can help your body fight off harmful free radicals, which have been linked to health conditions like diabetes and cancer. Antioxidants are found in many plant-based foods. For example, vitamin E and C are both antioxidants that help protect the body from oxidative damage by neutralizing harmful molecules knows as free radicals.
Also, eating a diet rich in antioxidants increases blood antioxidant levels to reduce oxidative stress and disease risk.
What are Antioxidants?
Antioxidants are molecules that fight free radicals in your body.
In fact, free radicals are compounds that can cause harm if their levels become too high in your body. They’re linked to multiple illnesses, including diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.
Although, human body has its own antioxidant defenses to keep free radicals in check.
However, antioxidants are also found in food, especially in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based, whole foods. Several vitamins, such as vitamins E and C, are effective antioxidants.
Antioxidant preservatives also play a crucial role in food production by increasing shelf life.
Function of Free Radicals
Free radicals are constantly being formed in the body.
Although, without antioxidants, free radicals would cause serious harm very quickly, eventually resulting in death.
However, free radicals also serve important functions that are essential for health.
For example, your immune cells use free radicals to fight infections.
As a result, your body needs to maintain a certain balance of free radicals and antioxidants.
Also, when free radicals outnumber antioxidants, it can lead to a state called oxidative stress.
Prolonged oxidative stress can damage your DNA and other important molecules in your body. Sometimes it even leads to cell death.
Damage to your DNA increases your risk of cancer, and some scientists have theorized that it plays a pivotal role in the aging process aging process.
Risk Factors of Free Radicals
Several lifestyle, stress, and environmental factors are known to promote excessive free radical formation and oxidative stress, including:
- Air pollution
- Bacterial, fungal, or viral infections
- Excessive intake of iron, magnesium, or zinc
- Alcohol intake
- High blood sugar levels
- Intense and prolonged exercise, which causes tissue damage
- Smoking
- Toxins
- High intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids
- Radiation, including excessive sunbathing
- Too much or too little oxygen in your body
- Excessive intake of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E
- Antioxidant deficiency
Prolonged oxidative stress leads to an increased risk of negative health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer.
Types of Dietary Antioxidants
Antioxidants can be categorized as either water- or fat-soluble.
Although, water-soluble antioxidants perform their actions in the fluid inside and outside cells, whereas fat-soluble ones act primarily in cell membranes.
Important dietary antioxidants include:
- Vitamin C. This water-soluble antioxidant is an essential dietary nutrient.
- Vitamin E. This fat-soluble antioxidant plays a critical role in protecting cell membranes against oxidative damage.
- Flavonoids. This group of plant antioxidants has many beneficial health effects.
However, many substances that happen to be antioxidants also have other important functions.
For examples curcuminoids in turmeric and oleocanthal in extra virgin olive oil. These substances function as antioxidants but also have potent anti-inflammatory activity.
Antioxidants in Food
Antioxidants are essential for the survival of all living things.
Your body generates its own antioxidants, such as the cellular antioxidant glutathione.
However, plants and animals, as well as all other forms of life, have their own defenses against free radicals and oxidative damage.
Therefore, antioxidants are found in all whole foods of plant and animal origin.
Also, adequate antioxidant intake is important. In fact, your life depends on the intake of certain antioxidants, namely, vitamins C and E.
However, many other non-essential antioxidants occur in food. While they’re unnecessary for your body, they play an important role in general health.
The health benefits associated with a diet rich in plants is at least partially due to the variety of antioxidants they provide.
In fact, berries, green tea, coffee, and dark chocolate are renowned for being good sources of antioxidants.
According to some studies, coffee is the single biggest source of antioxidants in the Western diet, but this is partly because the average individual doesn’t eat that many antioxidant-rich foods.
While meat products and fish also contain antioxidants, but to a lesser extent than fruits and vegetables.
Antioxidants can increase the shelf life of both natural and processed foods. Therefore, they’re frequently used as food additives. For instance, vitamin C is often added to processed foods to act as a preservative.
Antioxidant Rich Foods
Following are the top 14 healthy foods that are high in antioxidants:
Artichokes
Artichokes are a great source of dietary fiber, minerals, and antioxidants.
In fact, they are especially rich in an antioxidant known as chlorogenic acid, which may help reduce the risk of certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease.
However, the antioxidant content of artichokes can vary depending on how they are prepared.
Beans
Beans are a diverse group of legumes that are inexpensive and healthy. They are also incredibly high in fiber, which can help keep your bowel movements regular.
Also, beans are also one of the best vegetable sources of antioxidants, containing a particular antioxidant called kaempferol, which may help with things like reducing chronic inflammation and suppressing cancer growth.
Although, most of the research supporting the benefits of kaempferol has been in animals or test tubes, so more human-based studies are needed.
Beets
Beets, also known as beetroot, are a great source of fiber, potassium, iron, folate, and antioxidants.
Also, they’re particularly rich in a group of antioxidants called betalains. These give beets their reddish color and have been linked to health benefits.
For example, several test-tube studies have linked betalains to a lower risk of cancers in the colon and digestive tract.
Blueberries
Although they are low in calories, blueberries are packed with nutrients and antioxidants.
Research from test-tube and animal studies has shown that the antioxidants in blueberries may delay aging-related decline in brain function by neutralizing harmful free radicals, reducing inflammation, and altering the expression of certain genes.
Additionally, the antioxidants in blueberries, especially anthocyanins, have been shown to reduce risk factors for heart disease, and lower both LDL cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Dark Chocolate
Dark chocolate has more cocoa than regular chocolate, which is very nutritious. It, has as well more minerals and antioxidants.
Moreover, the antioxidants in cocoa and dark chocolate have been linkedTrusted Source to impressive health benefits such as decreased inflammation and reduced risk factors for heart disease.
Learn about the health benefits of dark chocolate.
Goji Berries
Goji berries are often marketed as a superfood because they are rich in vitamins and minerals.
Also, goji berries contain unique antioxidants known as Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, which have been linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and cancer.
However, while goji berries are nutritious, they can be expensive to eat on a regular basis.
Moreover, there is limited research on the effects of goji berries on humans. Though these support their health benefits, more human-based research is needed.
Kale
Kale is one of the most nutritious greens on the planet and is rich in calcium, and vitamins A, K, and C. It’s also rich in antioxidants.
This is because red varieties of kale contain more anthocyanin antioxidants as well as several other antioxidants that give them their vibrant color.
Okra
Okra is a flowering plant with edible seed pods that grows best in warm and tropical climates. It’s full of nutrients such as magnesium, folate, and fiber, as well as vitamins C, K1, and A.
It also contains antioxidants that are anti-inflammatory and may help reduce high cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as protect heart and brain health.
Pecans
Pecans are a type of nut native to North America. They are a good source of healthy fats and minerals, plus contain a high amount of antioxidants
In addition, pecans can help raise antioxidant levels in the blood and may help reduce cholesterol, which is a risk factor for heart disease.
That said, although pecans are a great source of healthy fats, they are also high in calories. Therefore, it’s important to moderate your portion sizes, especially if you’re trying to lose weight.
Red Cabbage
Also known as purple cabbage, red cabbage is rich in vitamins C, K, and A, and has a high antioxidant content.
It, too, contains anthocyanins, which give it its color and may help reduce inflammation, protect against heart disease, and reduce the risk of certain cancers.
Further more, the vitamin C in red cabbage also acts as an antioxidant in the body and may help strengthen the immune system and keep the skin firm.
Above all, the volume of antioxidants in red cabbage varies depending on how you cook it.
Raspberries
Raspberries are a great source of dietary fiber, vitamin C, and manganese.
A review of five studies also concluded that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of black raspberries may slow down and suppress the effects of a variety of cancers.
Furthermore, the antioxidants in raspberries, especially anthocyanins, may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. This may reduce the chance of developing heart disease.
Thus, most of the evidence for the health benefits of raspberries is from test-tube studies, so more human-focused research is needed.
Spinach
Spinach is loaded with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, and is incredibly low in calories.
Also, it’s also a great source of lutein and zeaxanthin, two antioxidants that may help protect your eyes from damaging ultraviolet light and other harmful light wavelengths.
Strawberries
Strawberries are sweet, versatile, and rich in vitamin C. They also contain a lot of the antioxidant anthocyanin, which gives them their red color.
Research has shown that anthocyanins may help reduce the risk of heart disease by reducing levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and raising HDL (good) cholesterol.
Spices and Herbs
Spices such as ginger, turmeric, and garlic, as well as herbs such as rosemary, parsley, and sage, all contain a variety of minerals, vitamins, and important antioxidants.
Likewise, putting them on your food or in your cooking can help reduce oxidative stress, which can help reduce the chance of developing various health conditions.
Furthermore, depending on the specific herb or spice, these diseases include high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, and diabetes.
Summary
Although adequate antioxidant intake is essential to a healthy diet, although some studies suggest that high-dose supplements may be harmful.
However, the best strategy is to get your daily dose of antioxidants from healthy plant foods, such as fruits and vegetables.
The Bottom Line
Antioxidants are compounds that your body makes naturally. You can also get them from food.
They protect your body from potentially harmful molecules known as free radicals, which can accumulate and promote oxidative stress. Oxidative stress raises the risk of heart disease, cancers, type 2 diabetes, and many other chronic conditions.
Eating a diet rich in antioxidants can help neutralize free radicals and reduce the risk of these chronic diseases.
By eating a wide variety of the foods in this article, you can boost your blood levels of antioxidants and reap their many health benefits.
Biospecimens
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.
Samples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.
In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.
Also, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.
So this critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.
Additionally, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.
Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.
For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.
Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.
Please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.
Types of Biospecimens
Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:
- Peripheral whole-blood
- Amniotic fluid
- Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)
- Sputum
- Pleural effusion
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Serum (sera)
- Plasma
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)
- Saliva
- Buffy coat
- Urine
- Stool samples
- Aqueous humor
- Vitreous humor
- Kidney stones (renal calculi)
- Other bodily fluids from most diseases including cancer.
Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.
In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols; you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.
Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.
- 日本のお客様は、ベイバイオサイエンスジャパンBay Biosciences Japanまたはhttp://baybiosciences-jp.com/contact/までご連絡ください。