Bay Biosciences provides paraffin embedded formalin fixed (FFPE) tissue samples, along with matching fresh frozen serum and plasma bio-fluid samples from esophageal cancer patients. Moreover, these samples come with detailed clinical annotations, which are supplied to a pharmaceutical customer for research.

Esophageal Cancer Overview

The esophagus is a hollow muscular tube that moves food from the throat to the stomach.

Furthermore, a malignant tumor can form in the lining of the esophagus, leading to esophageal cancer. As a result, as the tumor grows, it can affect the deep tissues and muscle of the esophagus. In addition, a tumor can appear anywhere along the length of the esophagus, including where the esophagus meets the stomach.

Moreover, esophageal cancer can affect the lining, deep tissues, and muscle of the esophagus. In fact, it may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. However, as it progresses, you may experience difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unexplained weight loss and a persistent cough, among other symptoms.

Additionally, risk factors for esophageal cancer include lifestyle habits like drinking alcohol and smoking, as well as medical conditions like gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) and Barrett’s esophagus.

Ultimately, doctors determine treatment options for esophageal cancer based on the cancer’s stage and other individual factors, but they may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Signs and Symptoms of Esophageal Cancer

During the early stages of esophageal cancer, there may be no symptoms.

However, as cancer progresses, a person may notice the following:

  • In particular, they may experience difficulty or pain when swallowing
  • As well as chest pain
  • Additionally, unexplained weight loss may occur
  • Along with a persistent cough
  • A hoarse voice can develop
  • And vomiting may also be present
  • Furthermore, bleeding in the esophagus, which may lead to black stools, is another possible symptom
  • Consequently, fatigue due to anemia, which can result from bleeding, may arise
  • In some cases, bone pain and other symptoms, if cancer spreads to other parts of the body
  • Finally, individuals may also experience indigestion and heartburn
  • And a lump under the skin

Causes of Esophageal Cancer

The cause of esophageal cancer isn’t yet known; however, it involves changes in the DNA of cells related to the esophagus.

Specifically, these changes signal the cells to multiply more rapidly than normal cells, and furthermore, they disrupt the signal for these cells to die when they should.

As a result, this causes cells to accumulate and ultimately become tumors.

Risk Factors of Esophageal Cancer

Some factors that may increase the risk of esophageal cancer include:

  • Firstly, alcohol consumption
  • Moreover, smoking
  • In addition, having a reflux disorder, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • Furthermore, having Barrett’s esophagus, which features a damaged esophageal lining due to GERD
  • Also, obesity combined with GERD
  • Finally being male, as males are three times more likely than females to develop esophageal cancer.

Diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer

Testing methods for diagnosing esophageal cancer include the following:

  • Firstly, an endoscopy involves the use of an instrument with a camera attached to a tube that goes down your throat and allows your doctor to view the lining of your esophagus to check for abnormalities and irritation.
  • Additionally, a barium swallow is an X-ray imaging test that allows your doctor to see the lining of your esophagus. To do this, you swallow a chemical called barium while the images are being obtained.
  • Furthermore, a biopsy is a process in which your doctor removes a sample of the suspicious tissue with the help of an endoscope and sends it to a lab for testing.
  • Moreover, a computerized tomography (CT scan), PET scan, or MRI
    may be used to see if cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Ultimately, around half of all people who receive a diagnosis of esophageal cancer will do so when cancer has already spread beyond the esophagus.

Stages of Esophageal Cancer

The staging of esophageal cancer can be quite complex. Specifically, it will depend on the type of esophageal cancer, as well as where it spreads to, and the grade, or how fast-growing the tumor is.

In general, the basic stages are as follows, however, you can learn more in our dedicated article on how doctors stage esophageal cancer.

Stage number Description
0 High-grade dysplasia, where cancer only affects the top layer of cells in the esophagus
1 Cancer is growing in the esophagus but has not spread to lymph nodes
2 Cancer affects deeper layers around the esophagus and may affect lymph nodes
3 Cancer affects lymph nodes and tissues near the esophagus but has not reached distant organs
4 Cancer affects organs further from the esophagus and may be present throughout the body, such as the liver or lungs.

Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.

Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Moreover, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Customized Collections

Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.

 

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