Bay Biosciences supplies pharmaceutical customers with fresh frozen tumor tissue samples; moreover, these come along with matching (-80°) sera (serum), plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) bio-fluid samples, and FFPE blocks.

Furthermore, we provide detailed clinical data and pathology annotations, including the corresponding diagnostic test values associated with pancreatic cancer sera (serum), plasma, and PBMC bio-fluid samples. In addition,  we offer these resources to our valued pharmaceutical customers for research and drug discovery.

Pancreatic Cancer Overview

Pancreatic cancer occurs when malignant cells form in the tissues of the pancreas, an organ located in the abdomen behind the lower part of the stomach.

Furthermore, the pancreas plays a crucial role by releasing enzymes that aid digestion as well as producing hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels.

Shaped like a thin pear lying on its side, the pancreas measures about 6 inches long. In addition, its wider end is known as the head, the middle section is called the body, and the narrow end is referred to as the tail.

Positioned between the stomach and the spine, the pancreas serves two primary functions in the human body: it produces digestive juices that break down food and generates hormones. Such as insulin and glucagon, that help control blood sugar levels.

Consequently, these hormones enable the body to effectively use and store the energy derived from food.

The exocrine pancreas cells produce digestive juices, while the endocrine pancreas cells generate hormones. Notably, approximately 95% of pancreatic cancers originate in the exocrine cells.

Ultimately, the pancreas can develop various types of growths, including both cancer and non-cancer tumors.

The most common form of pancreatic cancer, known as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, begins in the cells lining the ducts that transport digestive enzymes out of the pancreas.

Unfortunately, pancreatic cancer is rarely detected in its early stages when, in fact, it is most treatable; however, it often does not cause symptoms until it has spread to other organs.

Types of Pancreatic Cancer

Several types of pancreatic cancer exist; specifically, depending on whether the cancer began in the exocrine or endocrine component. Rarely, however, other types of cancer can begin in the pancreas, such as lymphoma and sarcoma.

Exocrine Tumors

Exocrine tumors, in fact, are the most common type of pancreatic cancer. In particular, the most common type of exocrine tumor is adenocarcinoma.

These tumors  usually start in the ducts of the pancreas and are therefore called ductal adenocarcinoma. Much less commonly, if the tumor begins in the acini, it is referred to as acinar adenocarcinoma.

Intraductal Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN)

Moreover, an increasingly common diagnosis is intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Specifically, an IPMN is a tumor that grows within the ducts of the pancreas and creates a thick fluid called mucin.

While IPMN is not cancerous when it begins, it could become cancerous if doctors do not treat it. Sometimes, unfortunately, an IPMN worsens and becomes cancer by the time doctors diagnose it.

Endocrine Tumors

Furthermore, endocrine tumors: These are also called pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) or islet cell tumors. In addition, they are much less common than exocrine tumors, making up about 7% of all pancreatic cancers.

Neuroendocrine Tumor

Specifically, a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor can be functioning or nonfunctioning. Notably, a functioning tumor makes hormones. Conversely, a nonfunctioning tumor does not make hormones. 

These include:

  • Insulinoma
  • Glucagonoma
  • Gastrinoma
  • Somatostatinoma
  • VIPomas
  • PPomas

Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer

Doctors refer to pancreatic cancer as a “silent disease” because, for this reason, patients do not display many noticeable symptoms early on. Furthermore, when pancreatic cancer patients develop symptoms, they often experience symptoms similar to those of other medical conditions, such as an ulcer or pancreatitis.

Following are the common signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer as the cancer grows:

  • Firstly, yellow skin and eyes, dark colored urine, itching
  • Additionally, upper abdominal pain radiates to upper back pain 
  • Furthermore, blood clots
  • Moreover, diabetes
  • In addition, painful swelling of an arm or leg due to a blood clot
  • Another symptom includes, burning feeling in stomach
  • Furthermore, stomach bloating can also be present.
  • In particular, floating stools with a particularly bad odor and an unusual color due to the body not digesting fats well
  • Consequently, fatigue often follows
  • Similarly, headaches might be experienced
  • Additionally, there may be loss of appetite
  • Notably, nausea and vomiting can occur
  • Alongside, chills and sweats are common
  • Furthermore, a fever may develop
  • Lastly, weight loss

Pancreatic Cancer Causes

The exact causes of how pancreatic cancer develops remain unknown. However, researchers have identified some factors that may increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer, including smoking as well as having certain inherited gene mutations.

Pancreatic Cancer Risk Factors

Following are the known factors that may increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer:

  • Smoking
  • Diabetes
  • Chronic inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
  • Family history of genetic syndromes that can increase cancer risk, including a BRCA2 gene mutation, Lynch syndrome and familial atypical mole-malignant melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome
  • Family history of pancreatic cancer
  • Obesity
  • Older age, as most pancreatic caner patients are diagnosed after age 65

Studies show that the combination of smoking, long-standing diabetes, and a poor diet increases the risk of pancreatic cancer beyond the risk of any one of these factors alone.

Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences is, indeed a global leader in providing researchers with high quality, clinical grade, fully characterized human tissue samples, bio-specimens, and human bio-fluid collections.

Specifically, aamples available include cancer (tumor) tissue, cancer serum, cancer plasma, cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). and human tissue samples from most other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Moreover, Bay Biosciences maintains and manages its own biorepository, the human tissue bank (biobank) consisting of thousands of diseased samples (specimens) and from normal healthy donors available in all formats and types.

In fact, our biobank procures and stores fully consented, de-identified and institutional review boards (IRB) approved human tissue samples and matched controls.

Additionally, all our human tissue collections, human specimens and human bio-fluids are provided with detailed, samples associated patient’s clinical data.

In particular, critical patient’s clinical data includes information relating to their past and current disease, treatment history, lifestyle choices, biomarkers, and genetic information.

Moreover, patient’s data is extremely valuable for researchers and is used to help identify new effective treatments (drug discovery & development) in oncology, and other therapeutic areas and diseases.

Specifically, Bay Biosciences banks wide variety of human tissue samples and biological samples, including cryogenically preserved at – 80°C.

For example fresh frozen tissue samples, tumor tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), tissue slides, with matching human bio-fluids, whole blood and blood-derived products such as serum, plasma and PBMC.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences is a global leader in collecting and providing human tissue samples according to the specified requirements and customized, tailor-made collection protocols.

Therefore, please contact us anytime to discuss your special research projects and customized human tissue sample requirements.

Types of Biospecimens

Bay Biosciences provides human tissue samples (human specimens) from diseased and normal healthy donors which includes:

Customized Collections

Moreover, we can also procure most human bio-specimens, furthermore; we offer special collections and requests for human samples that are difficult to find. All our human tissue samples are procured through IRB-approved clinical protocols and procedures.

In addition to the standard processing protocols, Bay Biosciences can also provide human plasma, serum, and PBMC bio-fluid samples using custom processing protocols. Additionally you buy donor-specific collections in higher volumes and specified sample aliquots from us.

Furthermore, Bay Biosciences also provides human samples from normal healthy donors; volunteers, for controls and clinical research, contact us Now.

 

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